National Savings Essay Example for Free

National Savings Essay â€Å"National saving can be used domestically or internationally. Explain the basis of this statement, including the benefits to the nation of each use of its saving. † First of all, let’s understand the concept of national savings. In economics, a countrys national savings is the sum of private savings (i. e. personal savings) plus the business savings (i. e. undistributed corporate profits) and public savings (i. e. tax revenues less public expenditure). (economicswebinstitute. org, 2003) (Wikipedia. org, 2008). So in simple words, what people save i. e. hen they avoide to consume all their income, is called personal savings. These savings can remain on the bank accounts for future use. For the economy as a whole, national saving is the portion of the nation’s income not used for private and public consumption. Just as for people, saving for the national economy is the act of setting some of current income aside for the future instead of spending it for current consumption. (Gao. gov, 2001). So the savings left in bank accounts are an important part of money. This money could be used by banks, which can decide to finance businesses. The amount of money used for investment depends on the deposits, which banks receive. So an increase of personal savings and/or corporate profits could increase investment. Companies which do not distribute a certain part of its corporate profits, will keep that money in bank accounts also for future business opportunities. Domestic investment could be investment in new factories and equipment, which can increase productivity of the nation’s workforce. The increased productivity, in turn, will lead to higher wages and greater economic growth over the long term. Gao. gov, 2001). So we come to the first conclusion that if national savings increase, a country through its banks could invest more in its economy and finance more projects and support the economy. In general, more national saving will increase a nation’s capacity to produce more goods and services and generate higher income in the future. (Gao. gov, 2001). This phenomenon has been seen in a couple of Asian countries, where the saving rate of households was very high like in Russia, Japan and China, which were able to industrialize quickly. It seems also that there is a close association between national savings and domestic investment in developing countries. These countries are in desperate need for cash to invest in infrastructure and boost its economy including industry, service, etc. Before going to the international market and asking for loans, these countries will first of all make use of every penny that they can find in their banks. So one of the main findings, is that national saving provides resources for a nation to invest domestically. Traditionally, there has been a strong relation between domestic savings and investment ratios. feweb. vu. nl, 2009) The question now is: will these resources be used only in the country itself or could they be used elsewhere. In a closed economy the national savings will definitely be reinvested in the domestic economy. But this is only in theory, since nowadays we can not really find a 100% closed economy anymore! There are countries that have high net saving surpluses and which need to invest it. These countries are sometimes too small to be able to offer the right investment opportunities for this huge liquidity. Countries in the Arabian Peninsula like Qatar, UAE or Kuwait are the best example. In addition, capital is getting very mobile and can be moved easily from one country to another and invested abroad. (wikipedia. org, 2008). With all that money floating around looking for an investment, it doesnt seem that domestic savings are all that important any more. (socrates. berkeley. edu, 2011). Let’s elaborate more on the benefits of investing the national savings abroad? We agree that the sum of national saving and saving borrowed from abroad represents the total amount of resources available for investment. This investment could be used to purchase capital goods like plant, equipment, software, houses, and inventories, by businesses and governments. (socrates. berkeley. edu, 2011). So what are the benefits of investing the national savings abroad? Will this really lead to improving domestic economy and increase the wealth of the people? An investment abroad does indeed increase the nation’s wealth and will generate income. This income could be again reinvested in the domestic country or abroad. One of the very obvious examples is the economy of the GCC countries. Qatar is one of the smallest and wealthiest countries in the world. Its main wealth comes from oil and gas, which accounts for more than 90% of its GDP. Qatar invested huge billions in its domestic economy (infrastructure, refineries, ports, real estate, preparation for world cup 2022, etc). It still has huge amount of money, which could be invested strategically. It currently, invests billions of petrodollars in all 5 continents. It has bought shares in big companies in all kind of industries (oil and gas, banks, luxury, airlines, soccer etc). By doing so, it will even help other companies and countries invest in successful businesses and boost their economies. The other countries probably have national savings which are lower than the needed domestic investment. They will borrow from foreign savers (in this case Qatar) to compensate the difference. Qatar will also repatriate this money or even reinvest it. This is a way to create more wealth to Qatar and the Qatari people of the next generations. A similar phenomenon is seen in other GCC countries, Singapore or Norway which have the so called sovereign wealth funds, that move huge amount of money from one place to another searching for the best investment opportunities. National savings is beneficial for each nation,, which needs to invest in its domestic economy. It’s also important for other nations, which borrow the money in the international capital market. By doing so, they can make use of the capital flows to invest in their economies and pay back the loans. So in total the world economy is more dynamic. Huge amount of money go to where the investment opportunities are. As a conclusion, we can say that national savings and the resulting investment have huge implications on the wealth of a nation and of course on the well being of people in current and future generations.

Gothic in Wuthering Heights and Dorian Gray

Gothic in Wuthering Heights and Dorian Gray The duplicity or sometimes called the Doppelganger is a common theme in gothic fiction works such as The Picture of Dorian Gray or Wuthering Heights. While in the first novel, this theme regards the division of the main characters into two different bodies, in the latter, the self is no longer divided into different embodiments, but it can be found in the same character having the same appearance while portraying one self or the other. In other words, Dorian Gray has a certain different figure when they display the other self, while Cathy and Heathcliff have an inner other self not an outer one and are completely unaware of its existence. While in The Picture of Dorian Gray, the depiction of self is related to realism and the depiction of other self relates to gothic representation, in Wuthering Heights, when talking about Catherine it is the other way around. The Picture of Dorian Gray tells the story of a young man who decides to make a Faustian bargain in order to gain and preserve eternal beauty. The novel can be interpreted as classic gothic horror fiction in which the reader can easily spot the Narcissus myth and the theme of duplicity which presents Dorians two selves: the public one constructed in a realist way and the private one, constructed with gothic means. On the other hand, Wuthering Heights is a gothic novel in which the protagonists are, unlike other novels, anti-heroes. The main character, Heathcliff is a man whose desire of revenge destroys both himself and the other characters of the novel. He is depicted at first as a loving person but in the end as a violent revengeful man. The female protagonist, Catherine Earnshow is a woman who finds herself in crisis of identity. Both characters need to make a division in themselves in order to express their feelings for each other. The division in The Picture of Dorian Gray is made with the help of a portrait, an outer body which guests the other self of the main character, whereas in Wuthering Heights, there is no need for another body. Dorian Gray is presented in the first chapter as a young man of extraordinary personal beauty, unspoiled by sins and failure. The picture as it is presented in the first chapter reveals Dorians first and true image: he is young, handsome, and innocent, without stain. However, Dorian Gray will not remain this way throughout the novel. He will change and not in a positive way. This is where the author brings to light the duplicity theme. Similar to Dorian Gray, Heathcliff is depicted in the beginning of the novel as a positive character. Although he lacks Dorians looks, he is a boy, and then a man capable to love and give. The audience is assured that Heathcliff does love Catherine and the way in which the author describes the brutal treatments Hindley applies to him can cause the reader pity for Heathcliff. In the first chapters of the novel, before Heathcliff leaves Wuthering Heights, the entire atmosphere is one which abounds with gothic elements. The author presents here the first nature of Heathcliff, while entire passages describe the manor as a dark, bleak, unfriendly place. The main character can be interpreted as of pure gothic construction. He is a mysterious man whose past nobody knows, but on the other hand, he is presented as romantically involved with Catherine, thus as a positive character. Exactly like Heathcliff, Dorian from the end of the second chapter is no longer Dorian from the beginning. The reader faces in just a few pages Dorians transition. His naivety and his purity disappear when he realises the importance of his beauty and the fact that he will lose it someday. Henry Wotton manipulates his mind and turns him into a person ready to sell his soul in order to preserve his beauty. In the moment when he sees the portrait, he is as fascinated by himself as Basil is and acts as if this is the first time when he sees himself. This passage comes similar to the moment when Narcissus sees his reflection in the water for the first time and brings the idea of self-worship which will finally lead to self-destruction. Infatuated with himself, Dorian becomes a Machiavellian person, wanting to preserve the moment, no matter the costs. Dorian loses his innocence but, despite the fact that his soul is unceasingly deepening into the negative way of living, he is admired for his beauty and intelligence, for his talents. This leads him to plays with peoples minds hiding his true shape and making them believe that his appearances are similar to his inner self. This outer self, the one he displays in front of anyone is in total opposition to the self which he prefers to cover. On the other hand Heathcliff does not feel the need to cover his other self. There is a certain moment in the book when Heathcliff changes his attitude. Feeling abandoned, Heathcliff feels the desire for revenge which brings up the other self in Heathcliff. He becomes a violent person who seems incapable of good feelings and begins acting like a demonic character, destroying everybodys lives. His actions seem to be results of the distortion in his natural personality. Dorian changes too. Dorian loses his innocence but, despite the fact that his soul is unceasingly deepening into the negative way of living, he is admired for his beauty and intelligence, for his talents. This leads him to plays with peoples minds hiding his true shape and making them believe that his appearances are similar to his inner self. This outer self, the one he displays in front of anyone is in total opposition to the inner self which he prefers to cover. In order to construct the other self, Oscar Wilde refers to gothic imagery. He creates the key element, the picture and develops its image as the one of different character of the book. The first gothic element of the book is the Faustian theme. Dorian unconsciously sells his soul to the devil in order to obtain eternal youth and beauty. Henry Wotton plays the part of devils advocate, devils representative without even knowing it. He inspires Dorian to make the fatal wish: the paint should age instead of him. The fact that the portrait ages in Dorians stead cannot be logically explained, thus it is the supernatural element which lead to the development of the plot. From the very beginning presented as a fantastic element, the picture represents the embodiment of Dorians other self. His sins, his mistakes and his other nature are revealed on the canvas. Knowing that, Dorian wants to protect this image, wants to hide it and locks the portrait in the attic so as no one should see the im age of his soul. Although he is aware of the fact that his soul is dark and stained with sins, he continues to live as before because he thinks he can no longer be forgiven and his soul saved. The moments when Dorian is possessed by his other self, abound with gothic elements. So are the moments when Heathcliff becomes violent and the author presents his inner sense of revenge and hatred. In Wildes novel, the scene of the murder is presented in a dark atmosphere with the lamp casting shadows on the wall and the blowing wind. Moreover, Dorian kills Basil only after he looks at the portrait and seems to be captivated by something hiding beneath the canvas. Violence breaks through and he stabs the painter without any sense of remorse. The way in which he decides to make the body disappear is a result of his mad ego that seems to have no feelings and to be totally detached from the realist life. Science is here presented it its negative part. With science, Dorian finalises the murder, making the evidence disappear forever. His other soul has become a malicious and manipulative person. He confides in the book Henry gives him and takes it for granted, as a way of living. It is a poisonous book, symbol of his degraded life. Moreover, the gothic atmosphere appears again when Dorian visits the opium den which is the reflection of Dorians state of mind. The den is a place of lost souls where Dorian finds comfort, he cures his soul by means of senses, because he suffers not only physical but also mental. Catherine, on the other hand does not change in a negative way. She is ashamed of her natural self and decides to make a step further, to change and to embrace another self in which she will finally feel uncomfortable. In childhood she is her true self, without carrying about her future as woman and as a wife. She has internal conflicts which intensify her psychological complexity. She suffers from a self-divided personality, regarding what she truly desires and what she thinks she should become as a woman. This is a point where one could speak of her id, what she desires, her instinctive impulses and her super-ego, what she thinks she should become as a woman, her moral ideas, and the expectations of the patriarchal society. After returning from Thrushcross Grange she is different because, not only does she act differently but she struggle to refrain from her usual behaviour. Nelly actually realises what has happened to Cathy and even says that she adopt(ed) a double character without exactly intending to deceive anyone. Catherines conversation with Nelly is the final evidence that she has a divided self. She tells her that she loves Heathcliff, that she is Heathcliff, suggesting that her real self is the one which complements Heathcliff, which makes her like him, turning them into the figure of an androgynous. She is able to refrain from her true self until Heathcliffs returning. Now she suffers again from an identity crisis. She looks in the mirror and says that the image is not hers, it is in fact the reflection of the part she had to play in order to be a respected woman, to fit in the bed of Procrustes the society showed her. Once Heathcliff is back, she is unable to live in this way anymore and thi s destroys her. There is the interpretation which says that Heathcliff, being Catherines matching person, actually is her doppelganger, her dark hide, which she wants to hide, exactly like Dorian Gray. This is suggested several times when the main characters say that the other is part of their lives, oh themselves à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾I cannot live without my life! Cannot live without my soul!; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾I am Heathcliff. The ways in which the protagonists are firstly presented is a romantic one with characters relating to nature who rebel against the world they live in. The gothic atmosphere is intensified by supernatural elements and melodrama. But Bronte created two different places where Catherine leaves, suggesting her split personality. The first one, the Wuthering Heights identifies with her true self and it is presented with gothic constructions such as the description of the moors, the manor, the atmosphere, the, wind, the storm or the rain. On the other hand, Thrushcross Grange is depicted in a positive manner, in a realist way, with all the elements of the common life representing Catherines other self. There is a striking difference between these two as it is between Catherines sides. The realist depictions in Wuthering Heights are somehow related to the other part of the novel, starting with the first scene where the reader encounters Young Cathy. Her and Haretons story is depicted in a realistic way, especially because of the happy ending. In the second case, the realism of the novel is depicted from Wildes representation of the Victorian world. Dorian is after all, an aristocrat living in a rich world where dines and opera are something common. His first self, the one everyone knows, the one Basil has painted at the beginning of the novel is the one living in this world. He is a rich art connoisseur; he likes parties and luncheons and attends theatre and opera. The Victorian society presented in the novel is one where people live from undeserved inheritance and enjoy gossiping and judging the world around. Dorian lives a secret life within an apparently respectable society. While a beautiful forever-young man in his public life, Dorian is presented as a debauched, violent person. The atmosphere in the next chapter is completely different from the one in the previous. The life at the countryside seems idyllic but Dorian is uncomfortable here because he feels he is stalked by James Vane. James presence is like a ghost haunting Dorian throughout the novel, being the embodiment of Dorians conscience. In the other book, the main character is not haunted by feelings or remorse, but by Catherines ghost who has not find peace. This idea brings another gothic element to both stories. In both novels, the theme of the divided self dominates the entire atmosphere, but in The Picture of Dorian Gray is easier to observe. However, the three characters that experience this kind of mental or physical division are presented as tormented souls, unable to find their rest.

The Importance Of Eating Breakfast

The Importance Of Eating Breakfast Whenever food is talked about, the first thing that comes into peoples minds is eating- satisfying ones tummy once again with all the delicious stuff. But, do people really know the significance of food in ones system, and how does it contribute to peoples daily lifestyle? Food is one of the basic necessities of human beings. Without it, humans cannot live because food gives energy for all mans activities- walking, talking, working, playing, reading, thinking and even breathing. To sustain ones body with nutritional food, a person would have three meals. The food that we take into our body is being converted to nutrients to heal and repair our cells and tissues. When we are asleep, our body is digesting the food that we have eaten; therefore we are fasting during these hours. In order to fill in nutrients in our body, we need to break the fast that has lasted for the last ten to twelve hours since the last meal of the previous day. We do this by eating the most important meal of the day-breakfast. This single meal can have an astounding effect on a persons day because it re-fuels the body for another day of endeavors. This meal can decide the entire outcome of a persons day. Starting your day with a good breakfast is one of the best decisions you can make to live a productive and healthy lifestyle. Definition of Breakfast Breakfast provides the energy your body requires in order to perform activities. Therefore, youre not so tired and can do more. It kick-starts the body into producing the enzymes needed to metabolize fat, helping to shed the pounds. Eating a good breakfast keeps you full for longer and may make you less likely to reach for snacks.A healthful breakfast jump-starts your day, provide an opportunity for nourishment and self-care and may significantly influence your moods, energy and abilities for the remainder of the day. The Importance of Eating Breakfast The exact meaning and importance of breakfast lies in the word itself. By eating breakfast, we are actually breaking the fast or long gap after dinner, the previous night. By the time we wake up in the morning, all our energy is used up and hence we need new energy to go through our daily routine. Students who do not eat or skip breakfast on a regular basis are at a high risk of developing gastroenteritis and several other health problems. Not only that, students have to face a lot of challenges in school and an empty stomach may come in the way of their progress. It has been observed that children who do not have their breakfast before going to school have problems, like headache, sleepiness, stomach pain, muscle fatigue. Indecisiveness, anger, anxiety, irritability, unhappiness, nervousness, lethargy, hostility, etc. are some other problems that can be seen in students who skip their breakfast. Such physical and psychological problems have the ability to hinder the learning process of students. Students who have the habit of eating breakfast have been reported to have better concentration during lessons than those who do not. Breakfast is also beneficial for the memory of the students as they are able to remember and retrieve already learned information quickly as well as accurately. Even their problem solving ability is enhanced by eating breakfast on a regular basis. Studies have shown that there is a direct correlation between eating breakfast and test scores. It is seen that students who have their breakfast regularly score better in their tests than those who avoid eating breakfast. As a healthy breakfast offers  ¼ of the nutrition that the body requires, there are less chances that children will indulge in binge eating foods, like, fast foods which are not good for their health. Rather, they are likely to choose foods that are healthier as well as nutritious, later in the day. Nearly fifty years of research shows that breakfast benefits children, teens and adults in many ways. Eating breakfast improves nutrition and health, provides energy, and boosts brain power. Eating breakfast has been significantly associated with better concentration and test scores, as well as improved weight. Thats true for adults and children. Children that eat breakfast make fewer trips to the school nurse, have fewer absences, and have less discipline problems. Children should never go to school hungry. Hunger has been linked to irritability and fatigue. Its hard to learn and interact in a social environment when youre irritated and tired. Having an Ideal Breakfast Ideally, breakfast should supply one-quarter to one-third of the days protein plus fiber-rich complex carbohydrates and a small amount of fat. The breakfasts served in school generally strive to meet most, if not all, these nutrient needs. Simple homemade meals that fulfill these criteria include a whole-grain cereal (cold or hot) with fruit and low-fat or skim milk; low-fat or nonfat yogurt with fruit and whole-wheat bread with jam or margarine; a shake made with yogurt, fruit and skim milk plus whole-wheat toast, or a turkey, cheese or peanut butter sandwich on whole-grain bread with fruit juice and milk. Parents should provide a good example by eating breakfast themselves. Children are more likely to eat breakfast if someone eats with them. If that is not possible, at least try to sit with children while they eat. In families where mornings are already overly loaded with demands, it helps to set up breakfast the night before. When my sons were young and I had to get out early, I often made them sandwiches for breakfast or set up pita pizzas they could pop into the toaster oven in the morning. If the boys were running late, they could eat these foods on the way to school. The Right Food to Eat During Breakfast It is important to make the most of your breakfast meal by including highly nutritious foods such as wholegrain breads and cereals, fruits, low-fat dairy or fortified soy products and nuts and seeds. Avoid foods high in fat, sugar and salt as these will simply take up the space of more nutritious foods. People who skip breakfast also generally find it difficult to achieve their daily nutrient requirements, so best to start packing in those nutrients early. A healthy breakfast doesnt need to be extravagant or take a long time to prepare. Try a simpler breakfast something simple like a hard boiled egg, a piece of 100-percent whole grain toast along with a cup of 100-percent fruit juice. And theres nothing wrong with a bowl of cold whole-grain cereal with berries and low-fat milk. The Ideal Time to Eat Breakfast One should eat breakfast within thirty minutes to an hour after waking up. Breakfast is very important for replenishing your blood sugar levels after 6-8 hours of sleep. This will help keep your blood sugar balanced, giving you more energy endurance. Reasons Why People Skip Breakfast Most people know why breakfast is the most noteworthy meal, though they at all times locate a method to skip it. There are many frequent excuses to justify why they dont eat breakfast. The majority of those who skip breakfast would say that they lack time to have their breakfast. They have a really difficult time on deciding what food to eat in the morning. Maybe theyre running late for their class or work or they do not have that much time to prepare an appetizing breakfast. Some would reason out that it would be okay because they still have their lunch time to eat their meal. People also reason out that they need extra time to sleep, skipping breakfast can mean that they can increase their sleeping time by thirty minutes or more. Others would reason out that they do not have the appetite to eat breakfast. It is because they are too lazy, there is no delicious meal prepared, or they do not have any companion to eat with them. They would occasionally say that they do not feel hungry. Some skip their breakfast because they are not aware of the benefits of breakfast. They think that it would not have an effect on their body if breakfast is skipped. Dieters also assume that if they skip a meal- which is breakfast, would seem to be the easiest one to skip, for they are going to consume less calories early in the morning, and therefore lose more weight. Proofs that all these excuses are non-sense Most of the individuals excuses of missing breakfast are not really justifiable. In fact, there are explanations to counteract all their reasons. Listed below are some justifications. Those who do not have enough time preparing their food early in the morning can have their meal planned ahead of time- maybe the night before or every start of a week. Also, if they do not want a hectic preparation of their meal, they can grab a fruit or a piece of bread and drink their meal, or any healthy meal that would somehow fill their hungry stomach. After eight hours of no food on your body do requires anything to fill it up so that it has energy to burn. We all have hectic routines and are time and again over scheduled with work. Breakfast is a simple assessment to sacrifice in order to free up a fragment of added time for you to check your emails. In the long run yet, taking the time to sit down and eat a appropriate breakfast will truly offer you more time throughout the day. Fueling your body with the needed energy, your brain power is more focused, concentrated, enabling you to be much more efficient. Being more efficient all through the day means you can complete all your tasks more rapidly. Why not manage your time well to be able to not rush in the morning so that you will have enough rest? Skipping breakfast is not a good reason to have a longer time to sleep. According to an article, Loads of people dont get adequate sleep as it is, so they think that by skipping breakfast, it could mean getting an added  ½ hour of sleep in. By means of skipping breakfast, you are leaving your body no energy for the day, more so than the  ½ hour of sleep assists to recharge you. Sacrificing  ½ and hour of sleep to consume a nutritious breakfast will leave you more energized for much longer. (Korver) Generally, most individuals who leave out out breakfast do not feel hungry since their bodies have adapted to not getting its nutrition in the morning. Therefore, they do not feel hungry after their sleep. Even if you may well not feel hungry, your body in fact needs the fuel to start your day off. Those who are dieting actually consume more food and would make them gain weight. Some experts believe that breakfast keeps your metabolism running higher because skipping meals causes the body to kick into starvation mode. This sounds impressive, but it really isnt what happens it takes three or four days of eating nothing before the body starts gearing down your metabolism. Its more likely that people who regularly eat breakfast also make good dietary choices the rest of the day. (Warren) Whatever excuse people would make, breakfast must always be a part of ones daily activity. Tips to avoid skipping breakfast To help you avoid skipping breakfast, here are some tips that one can follow: One should be able to manage his/her time well in order to be early for the next day. Proper planning and preparation is also needed to avoid rushing in the morning. Prepare yourself earlier than your actual call time to be able to get your breakfast well prepared and to have a time to take your breakfast in a relaxed manner. But, if you are really running late, you can pack up your breakfast and while taking a ride to your destination, you can grab your meal. Do not make any excuses to avoid breakfast. Keep in mind that breakfast is really very important for your body system. Avoid craving for delicious foods; instead, you may search for a healthy menu. In addition, Make a habit of eating together with your family at breakfast. You can also talk and discuss with your family members about the day ahead during the breakfast. This way you can develop a better relationship with your parents and children and also have fun while having breakfast. To avoid skipping breakfast, you need to establish a game plan until eating first thing in the morning becomes a routine. To begin, aim for a breakfast that combines healthy carbohydrates, protein and fiber. A healthy breakfast does not need to take time or effort. There are numerous healthy breakfast options that can fit ones diet plan. Learn to refuse anyone who will put your health at risk by skipping breakfast. Tell them that you will have your meal first before attending to a work or favor that is asked of you. Effects of Breakfast in Our Daily Activities The effects of breakfast on school performance may depend partly on gender and mood, according to research presented at the 2003 European Nutrition Conference. While consuming any breakfast at all boosted attention and memory for all children studied, girls performed better when the breakfast included a more filling blend of protein and carbs instead of carbs alone, especially when those girls were in a negative mood. The combination of protein and carbs also improved performance in both genders as the test questions became more complex. People who eat breakfast Kids who fuel up in the morning with a breakfast high in carbohydrates and protein before heading off to school gain many benefits, both mental and physical. These benefits not only last throughout the school day, but also can contribute to overall health and school performance over the long term. According to the Healthy Children website, about 8 to 12 percent of school-age children skip breakfast entirely, and among adolescents, this rate is even higher, reaching up to 30 percent. Kids who eat breakfast have better concentration during school hours than kids who skip the morning meal. According to pediatrician Dr. William Sears, children who eat breakfast also participate more in class discussions, are better able to handle complex problems in class and get better grades. In particular, a breakfast meal containing a balance of protein and complex carbohydrates boosts school performance for the remainder of the day. People who skip breakfast Skipping breakfast or making poor breakfast food choices may lead to reduced nutrient intake. According to Mayo Clinic nutritionist Katherine Zeratsky, a healthful breakfast can put you on track to make wise dietary choices throughout the day. Routine breakfast eaters tend to consume a more healthful overall diet lower in fat and higher in nutrients than non-breakfast eaters. To make the most of your breakfast, aim for a balanced meal containing healthful foods from all vital food groups, including fruits and/or vegetables; a healthful starch, such as whole-grain toast or oatmeal; a lean protein source, such as low-fat milk, yogurt or egg whites; and a healthful fat source, such as nuts, peanut butter or flax-seed. Not eating a healthful breakfast can lead to reduced cognitive function. In other words, you may experience difficulty concentrating, learning or recalling information or performing well at work or school. In a study published in the Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism in 2002, researchers examined the breakfast habits of 97 inner-city elementary school students. One-third of these children were classified as being at nutritional risk, meaning they consumed a few nutrients and/or deficient amounts of calories at breakfast. These students demonstrated poorer attendance and grades and greater tardiness and behavioral problems compared to students who ate more healthful breakfast meals. After six months of eating prepared, healthful breakfasts, students formerly at nutritional risk showed improvements in math scores, behavior and attendance. Researchers concluded that prepared, healthful breakfast meals provide multiple school-related benefits for children. For potentially similar benefi ts, try planning or preparing healthful breakfast meals in advance. Healthy eating initiatives across the nation have advocated for children eating breakfast before school. In fact, many schools open early to serve breakfast for children who may not be served this important meal at home for whatever reason. A Centers for Disease Control report on guidelines for school health program states that skipping breakfast negatively impacts a school-aged childs ability to effectively problem-solve. Students who consumed breakfast tested higher in standardized test scores, were absent less from school. Breakfast supplies energy your body utilizes as fuel for daily activities. Skipping breakfast is linked with reduced physical activity, according to Zeratsky. A balanced breakfast promotes healthy blood sugar levels, which is important for preventing energy decline and irritability later in the day. To avoid these risks, steer clear of high-glycemic foods, or foods that have a significant impact on your blood sugar, such as sugary cereals, pastries and white bread.

Shakespeares Hamlet Essay: Comparison of Gertrude and Ophelia :: comparison compare contrast essays

Comparison of Gertrude and Ophelia within Hamlet      Ã‚   Shakespeare developed 126 female characters in his dramas. In his tragedy Hamlet there are Ophelia and Gertrude. This essay will explore the similarities or commonality of these two characters.    One obvious feature which both Ophelia and Gertrude have in common is that they are both recipients of Hamlet’s ill-will. T.S. Elliot in his essay, â€Å"Hamlet and His Problems† explains how Gertrude is the object of the protagonist’s disgust:    Hamlet is up against the difficulty that his disgust is occasioned by his mother, but that his mother is not an adequate equivalent for it; his disgust envelops and exceeds her. (25)    L.C. Knight in â€Å"An Approach to Hamlet,† agreeing with T. S. Eliot, comments on the â€Å"obsessive passion† which the prince exercises in his chastisement of Gertrude:    I am of course aware that what Hamlet says to his mother in the Closet scene may be regarded as part of a necessary and proper attempt to break the alliance between her and the smiling murderer; but through it all runs the impure streak of the indulgence of an obsessive passion.[. . .] If with genuine, even with passionate, concern, you want to help someone in great need, someone in desperate ignorance of his true condition, do you, I wonder, say, â€Å"This is what you are: see how ugly you look†? Well, perhaps you may; but certainly not in such a way that you seem about to make an aggressive attack. (70)    In similar fashion, Ophelia is verbally abused by the hero; and this episode is elaborated on in detail later. In the Introduction to Twentieth Century Interpretations of Hamlet, David Bevington enlightens the reader regarding the similarities between Gertrude and Ophelia as the hero sees them:    Yet to Hamlet, Ophelia is no better than another Gertrude: both are tender of heart but submissive to the will of importunate men, and so are forced into uncharacteristic vices. Both would be other than what they are, and both receive Hamlet’s exhortations to begin repentance by abstaining from pleasure. â€Å"Get thee to a nunnery†; â€Å"Assume a virtue if you have it not.† (9)    As Bevington says, both Gertrude and Ophelia are â€Å"tender of heart,† motivated by love and a desire for quiet familial harmony among the members of their courtly society in Elsinore. At the first social function in the play, Gertrude is motivated out of love for her son to advise:

Operation Strategy Of Toyota :: Business Analysis Strategy Toyota

Introduction Toyota is Japan's biggest car company and the second largest in the world after General Motors. It produces an estimated eight million vehicles per year, about a million fewer than the number produced by GM. The company dominates its home market, with about 40% of all new cars registered in 2004 being Toyotas. Toyota also has a large market share in both the United States and Europe. It has significant market shares in several fast-growing South East Asian countries. The - 1 -company produces a large range of vehicles which are highly regarded for their quality, engineering, and value; their designs set global standards for safety, reliability and ease of maintenance. The Company Philosophy "Do the right thing for the company, its employees, the customer and the society as a whole." Origins The story of Toyota Motor Corporation began in September 1933 when Toyoda Automatic Loom created a new division devoted to the production of automobiles under the direction of the founder's son, Kiichiro Toyoda. Soon thereafter, the division produced its first Type A Engine in 1934, which was used in the first Model A1 passenger car in May 1935 and the G1 truck in August 1935. Production of the Model AA passenger car started in 1936. Although the Toyota Group is best known today for its cars, it is still in the textile business and still makes automatic looms (fully computerized, of course), and electric sewing machines which are available worldwide. During the Pacific War, the company was dedicated to truck production for the Imperial Army. Because of severe shortages in Japan, military trucks were kept as simple as possible. For example, the trucks had only one headlight in the center of the hood. Toyota earns $1250 per vehicle produced while GM loses $2311 per vehicle produced. Toyota is producing nearly 50 percent more cars than in 2001 and this year it will almost certainly pass General Motors to become the world's largest auto company. Toyota alone earned more than all the rest of the world's 12 largest auto manufacturers combined - $11.4 billion. And it is pioneering a new technology for the 21st century that will shrink gasoline consumption and limit greenhouse gases. FORTUNE GLOBAL 500 (Year 2005) Toyota Motor Rank: 7 (2004 Rank: 8) Employees: 265,753 $ millions % change from 2003 Revenues 172,616.3 12.7 Profits 10,898.2 5.9

Suppresion of Individual’s Creativity

Throughout the State of Florida, numerous school boards have been attempting to standardize the clothing that students wear. The school superintendents who are in favor of uniforms will argue that the children who wear them will experience many benefits. I disagree with this position. I feel that the use of uniforms will strip identity, stifle creativity, and unnecessarily burden the families that cannot afford them. The use of uniforms has already been implemented in several long-standing social environments. The penal system uses uniforms to brand those persons who are incarcerated. Likewise, the military also uses them to separate and remove the individualism inside of the soldier. In both cases, individual identity is stripped away and the subject is forced to conform to the same outward appearance as every other subject. Another problem that will surface due to the implementation of school uniforms is the suppression of the individual's creativity and expression. Many students' express who they are through the way they dress. If a teenager wants to show the rest of the world that he loves Jesus, then he or she might wear a T-shirt that states a positive view on the subject. Similarly, a student might want to wear green colored clothing to show his or her support for St. Patrick's day. School uniforms would end both of those examples listed within this paragraph and many, many more. The last issue that needs to be addressed is the unnecessary burden that will be placed upon those families of limited resources. Many low-income families do not have the money available to furnish uniforms to their children. They can barely make ends meet with the help of charities and social programs. In Polk County, Florida, the school board is trying to pass legislation that a child cannot attend school unless they have on the proper uniform. An education is supposed to be available to all children, not just the ones whose parents can afford to buy the government ordered attire. I have listed several reasons why the use of school uniforms should not be implemented in America's public education system. Not only will it melt the individual into the mass, but it will also hinder those that are destitute. If the school boards desire to make the use of uniforms mandatory, then they need to issue all of the required equipment, just like the military and the prison systems do. Suppresion of Individual’s Creativity Throughout the State of Florida, numerous school boards have been attempting to standardize the clothing that students wear. The school superintendents who are in favor of uniforms will argue that the children who wear them will experience many benefits. I disagree with this position. I feel that the use of uniforms will strip identity, stifle creativity, and unnecessarily burden the families that cannot afford them. The use of uniforms has already been implemented in several long-standing social environments. The penal system uses uniforms to brand those persons who are incarcerated. Likewise, the military also uses them to separate and remove the individualism inside of the soldier. In both cases, individual identity is stripped away and the subject is forced to conform to the same outward appearance as every other subject. Another problem that will surface due to the implementation of school uniforms is the suppression of the individual's creativity and expression. Many students' express who they are through the way they dress. If a teenager wants to show the rest of the world that he loves Jesus, then he or she might wear a T-shirt that states a positive view on the subject. Similarly, a student might want to wear green colored clothing to show his or her support for St. Patrick's day. School uniforms would end both of those examples listed within this paragraph and many, many more. The last issue that needs to be addressed is the unnecessary burden that will be placed upon those families of limited resources. Many low-income families do not have the money available to furnish uniforms to their children. They can barely make ends meet with the help of charities and social programs. In Polk County, Florida, the school board is trying to pass legislation that a child cannot attend school unless they have on the proper uniform. An education is supposed to be available to all children, not just the ones whose parents can afford to buy the government ordered attire. I have listed several reasons why the use of school uniforms should not be implemented in America's public education system. Not only will it melt the individual into the mass, but it will also hinder those that are destitute. If the school boards desire to make the use of uniforms mandatory, then they need to issue all of the required equipment, just like the military and the prison systems do.

Explain how Golding establishes the main themes of The Spire through his portrayal of Jocelin in the first five chapters of The Spire

The bent and twisted hunchback Jocelin is the cornerstone for interpreting and bringing forth the multitude of interesting themes within the novel. Through Golding's experience of World War II, he established many scathing criticisms of humanity in his literature. In The Spire this is represented by the character of Jocelin, a Dean of a nameless cathedral obsessed with the vision of erecting a four-hundred foot spire. Jocelin is the penultimate antihero, the introduction of the story tells us how â€Å"He was laughing chin up, and shaking his head. God the father was exploding in his face. † It defies the expectations of what context a Dean would place God into, especially in humour, so very early on into this novel are these very slight and gentle implications of corruption, this is also exacerbated when the slight phallic pun of â€Å"Eighteen inches† is joked by Golding, and we get a sense of†¦ â€Å"expecting the reverse† in the chapters to come. Jocelin later lustfully examines Goody Pangall, what is interesting to note is to note is how Jocelin refers to her while looking at her, he mentions her only as â€Å"Pangall's wife† which is incredibly reminiscent of Steinbeck's Of Mice And Men where the female of the story is only referred to as â€Å"Curley's wife† and her actual name is not specified, names are quite symbolic in terms of how much value the other characters revere her, and over here in The Spire, Jocelin only seems to associate her as a nameless object, devoid of human definition. When you take away the name of the character, you disassociate that character from the main frame of other characters who actually do have names, and Jocelin plays up further on this, â€Å"She is entirely woman, he thought, loving her;† shows also his frame of mind early on, his definition of the characters is placed onto a spectrum, with women this is shown as either â€Å"Girl† or â€Å"Entirely woman†, this then can be taken further to show how Jocelin categorises people around him according to how much pleasure and pain they cause him. The presentation of Jocelin up to this point is a sexually repressed Dean, and we have the theme of obsession rising for the first time, however expressed in a Freudian shell that Jocelin's initial sexual innuendos of The Spire is in reality, behaviour stemming from his sexual repression of Goody Pangall. This is just one of many forms of Jocelin's twisted obsession, and that his obsessive thoughts is expressed in many facets of his metaphoric ideology and associations of events and people in the cathedral Golding portrays this shapeshifting obsessive compulsive behaviour in the actual narrative of the story as well, there is a constant shift of narrative within the novel, between Third person and First person, â€Å"Then he dared to think again, in the warmth at his back†¦.. It is my guardian angel,† the narrative is unstable, much rather like the mindset of Jocelin himself, and also implies that Jocelin may interpret and view himself in Third person while in his mind, since the form of the narrative is shapeshifting from several perspectives to another, and also occasional parenthesis â€Å"and two men posed so centrally in the sundust with their crows (and what a quarry noise and echo as they lever up the slab and let it back),† to indicate more First person narrative but in a more personal and reflective manner, and its through this First person narrative that we can note the use of archaic language, † I do Thy work; and Thou hast sent Thy messenger to comfort me,† this shows us the biblical self highlighting of Jocelin to make himself seem more important than he really is. Almost, justifying his work of the spire by expelling all qualms. Another frequent theme that Golding has presented in The Spire is immaturity and the role of childhood in the motivations of character. â€Å"to think how the mind touches all things with law, yet decieves itself as easily as a child,† Childhood here represents stupidity, and its from the immaturity of our actions that cause us to do stupid things, Jocelin touches upon this when examining Goody Pangall, â€Å"She is entirely woman, he thought, loving her; and this is foolish, this childish curiosity shows it. † surprisingly this is the rare times where we see Jocelin refuting himself rather than justifying himself. Its also worth noting that this is not the first time that Golding has used children to carry his critique of humanity, in Lord of the Flies we are shown the adult behaviour's and faults reflected in children, Golding uses this as a metonym to describe that the entire faults of human behaviour are the attempts to recreate childhood and to be free from responsibility, that we give birth to the belief that anything is possible and everything is allowed. When the ground underneath the â€Å"Pit† starts moving, and later on in the book when the stone of the tower starts â€Å"singing†, Jocelin has brought the cathedral to such a position by allowing and justifying every absurd suggestion. Its this very childish frame of thought which sets his imagination loose and Jocelin believes he is comforted by â€Å"an angel sent from God† yet ironically this is only the burning sensation of his spine by tuberculosis, this is an important metaphor, since it conveys the theme of the corrupting tendency of arrogance, that Jocelin's own arrogance is the cause for his own physical deformation is a very powerful axiom that Golding relays, since Golding's seeming objectives behind his work are to tell the story of humanities own arrogance by glorifying the evil of his characters in his literature, incredibly similar to John Milton's Poem Paradise Lost where the evil of Satan is intensified by his devious and intelligent planning, is similarly reflected in Jocelin, where his evil is intensified by his metaphoric interpretations of events and arrogance, ironically arrogance was the sin of Satan himself, even more so that Jocelin is supposedly a religious Dean of a cathedral. The main characteristics of Jocelin so far are, a hungry curiosity for women and sex, Self glorification, Childish immaturity, farfetched imagination which creates a metaphorical perception, and arrogance. These are essentially ramifications of one main theme so far, the notion of Escapism. Through these acts and mindframes Jocelin creates an alternate world to ignore the current reality, the idea of escaping or rather creating, in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein Victor creates the creature as a trophy almost to credit his own scientific intellectualism, and Jocelin's view of his seperate reality is still incomplete, and he feels he needs to create The Spire to serve as a metaphor for his seeming â€Å"closeness† to God, â€Å"I am about my father's business,† it almost seems that some part of Jocelin's twisted psyche is not fully dedicated to his dream, and this is perhaps the flaw in Escapism that Golding tries to present, more implied that if Jocelin represents the extreme borderline of human naivety, how can the rest of humanity practice Escapism when it clearly does not work for the rather vacuous Jocelin? In Jocelin's insensitivity to the truth, we find his sensitivity for lies. In the bigger picture we find Jocelin's hunger for power â€Å"I never guessed in my folly that there would be a new lesson and every level, and a new power† and that building a path or a tower to God, will imbue you with the power of God, and with his treatment of other characters, for instance Roger Mason, he tries to invite Roger Mason further into the messianic visions of the spire, â€Å"God revealed it to me, his unprofitable servant. † claiming these own visions as his own, and more relatively, attempting the to grasp the power of God in his own spindly hands. That is not the holiest prophecy; that is the most devious heresy. Its through Jocelin's arrogance does the issue or theme of pride arise, Its when we place ourselves above other people and see ourselves as higher, that we try to recreate our image into some sort of powerful deity or demigod which cannot be dominated, which Golding has shown to have a very ironic sense of humour by using Jocelin to represent religion; the very thing expected to fight pride, becomes the very thing to personify it. Perhaps its inevitable to become the thing you pretend to be. The ultimate Theme of this book is humanity, Golding's written account of the faults in humanity is found clearly in The Spire through Jocelin, its only through relating to Jocelin, and placing ourselves within his persona, can we really understand him deeply The biggest point however, is that when you explain behaviour and people by relating it to yourself, you can no longer hate them or fear them, you will always respect them neutrally, because you can always find the same desires in your own h eart.